引用第1171楼stanley于2007-08-23 10:49发表的 : )y:~T\g
^_^，再给Laomao出个题吧！可否介绍一下Duke Ellington？
谢谢！
X^H)2G>e lU.@! rGbw U{o0Posg Duke Ellington （1899年 - 1974年）传记: cf0D q ~G o3l _&?^ y85/qg) H^ 在他逝世的时候，他被视为世界上最杰出的作曲家、音乐家。法国政府授予他最高荣誉军团奖，美国政府授予他最高荣誉公民，总统自由勋章。在他50年的演艺生涯中，他曾参加过两万次表演献艺，他就是公爵，Duke Ellington 。
>2~q{e 6 l>$N?a Edward Kennedy Ellington，生于1899年4月29日的华盛顿，他的父母Daisy Kennedy Ellington 和James Edward Ellington，给年轻的公爵做很好的榜样，并教导他一切，从正确的餐桌礼仪到认识音乐的情感力量，Duke大约在七 八岁左右开始上钢琴课，但他似乎对此没有多大兴趣，年轻时代的Duke好像更倾向于棒球运动。Duke的第一份工作是在华盛顿参议员的棒球比赛上售卖花生。Duke14岁时，就开始混入Frank Holliday台球厅，他除了欣赏台球外，还结交了很多朋友。Duke对钢琴课已淡化成过去，Duke开始对艺术表演有极大的兴趣，Duke进了Armstrong职业培训学校，学习商业艺术，而不是到一个专业艺术院校学习。 Duke在夏天期间，和母亲前往费城或大西洋城，在华盛顿聆听ragtime的钢琴组曲。休假时在Asbury公园，Duke听到一个热门钢琴家名叫Harvey Brooks，在假期结束时，Duke在费城找到了Harvey，Harvey教了他一些钢琴的手法和技巧。经 Duke后来叙述，" 回家后我渴望成为一个真正的钢琴家，我也不能落后于别人。但听他这么说，我心想：'你一定会这样做。'" 于是，Duke Ellington的音乐生涯诞生了 。
?J~(qa a; OE/O: F:1j Duke 经常在舞台下观看Oliver "Doc" Perry 和 Louis Brown的演出，有助于提高整体钢琴演奏技巧，在华盛顿的俱乐部和咖啡馆，找到一份演奏钢琴的职位，停止了差三个月就毕业的学业，开始其专业的音乐生涯 。1917年底，他成立了首个乐团：The Duke’s Serenaders。
3say&|kJ P-QZ=dm 1918年和1919年间，Duke进行了三次重大步骤:
Vj" B# T!)v9L 首先，他搬出父母亲的家，住到他自己买的家里。
b#^UP ~V"D|U;i + 第二，他成为自己乐队的售票代理，这样，Ellington的乐队，能够使整个华盛顿地区和佛吉尼亚私人球赛协会和大使馆，都能看到演出。
pRj1b^F5y yg gQ4y6 最后，Duke和Edna Thompson结婚，1919年3月11日，Mercer Kennedy Ellington诞生了。
igsJ a1F v >71 ?te 1923年，Duke离开华盛顿，移居纽约。通过电台广播，整个纽约的听众都认识了Duke Ellington，使他成为了流行音乐家。 也正是这一年，他首次录制唱片，Ellington乐队改名。然而在这期间，华盛顿州的人，规定他们在一些专属俱乐部演出，如Connie’s Inn，the Hollywood Club (Club Kentucky)，Ciro’s， the Plantation Club，以及最重要的 Cotton Club。由于不断上升的电台收听率和业界本身的良好发展，Duke的乐队在全国播出，靠"棉花俱乐部" 的号召力，乐队的音乐，加上自己的人气，迅速蔓延。
rr# &0`] pVt8z|p_;{ 1928年，Ellington和Irving Mills签订协议，并印制Ellington的音乐。与唱片公司如Brunswick, Columbia, and Victor 签订和约。 Duke的乐队成了在美国，甚至整个世界最流行的乐队。 Duke Ellington最伟大作品括："Rockin’ in Rhythm," "Satin Doll," "NewOrleans," "A Drum is a Women," "Take the 'A' Train," "Happy-Go-Lucky Local," "The Mooche," 和 "Crescendo in Blue."。Duke Ellington和他的乐队还到处演出，从纽约到新德里，芝加哥到开罗，伦敦和洛杉矶，Ellington的乐队还和包括：Miles Davis, Cab Calloway, Dizzy Gillespie, Ella Fitzgerald, Tony Bennett 和 Louis Armstrong等一起合作演出。他们每个人都得到女王伊丽莎白二世和尼克松总统的宴请。1974年逝世前，数百首Duke Ellington的录音和作曲，所有这些都将继续产生持久的影响，为世人所敬仰。
Hay`lA2@ T?c:z?j_9 Ed )t87E Duke Ellington 获得的奖项: |,Y(YSg. 2, ` =i 0> m-J Winner - DukeEllington
Jx@3zl Genre - Jazz
snV,rZ Category - Best Historical Album
t3b%f`D Year - 2000 - 42nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
M: qeqn+ Title of Work - The Duke Ellington
^l6q o+(.P b Centennial Edition - The Complete RCA Victor Recordings (1927-1973)
_{6QvD3kg. Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
Cv|y a$}a R;f!s/^) ------------------------------------------------------
{ls $#a+d ^~2GhveBV --------------------------
`|;R}"R; Winner - Duke Ellington
[= -?n6 Genre - Pop
,.uPlnB_ Category - Traditional Pop Vocal Performance
M
yr [ Year - 2000 - 42nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
=LS?:Mhm Title of Work - Bennett Sings Ellington - Hot and Cool
QOk Pli X Artist Performing Work - Tony Bennett
l =ZhHON ------------------------------------------------------
&gZ5dTj> tm(.a ?p --------------------------
Lz S@@ '] Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
|jniI( Genre - Jazz
[|\~-6"7N| Category - Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Big Band
b&Qj`j4]ZM Year - 1979 - 22nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
uHUicZf. Title of the Work - Duke Ellington At Fargo, 1940 Live
-1~bWRYq Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
Qj?FUxw d:6?miMH]t ------------------------------------------------------
wz5xJ:T j Im1e/F] --------------------------
mh!;W=|/" Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
aO?(ZL Genre - Jazz
|Gb"%5YD Category - Best Jazz Performance By A Big Band
<DCrYt!1}c Year - 1976 - 19th Annual GRAMMY Awards
37Z:WJ?
Title of the Work - The Ellington Suites
#m6 eG&a Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
#n 7uw ------------------------------------------------------
ao<@a{G =)(o(bfSKr --------------------------
i3*S`/]p Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
hp!UW Genre - Jazz
)W~w7 2j- Category - Best Jazz Performance By A Big Band
` a5$VV%J Year - 1972 - 15th Annual GRAMMY Awards
VC\43A,9 Title of the Work - Toga Brava Suite
z1?7}9~`0c Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
G@anY=D\EB ------------------------------------------------------
CEE`nn 'c\z W mAZ --------------------------
wGE:U` Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
cejSGsW6q Genre - Jazz
EaG3 :< >J Category - Best Jazz Performance By A Big Band
;GO>#yg4Eh Year - 1971 - 14th Annual GRAMMY Awards
$6T*\(;T@A Title of the Work - New Orleans Suite
JGp~A#H& Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
%zyO} Jeyy Z= ------------------------------------------------------
ig] * Z `AeId/A4n --------------------------
](4V 3w. Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
;OQ{ Genre - Jazz
<SUjz}_Oa: Category - Best Instrumental Jazz Performance, Large Group Or Soloist With Large Group
Iw8;",e2 Year - 1968 - 11th Annual GRAMMY Awards
G:$wdT(u Title of the Work - And His Mother Called Him Bill
w%)=`'s_ Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
qCn ( ~: <XX\4[wb ------------------------------------------------------
[ XjJsk, l. ?R7f --------------------------
;=Jj{FoG% Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
JNRG [j Genre - Jazz
Zi[ @xG8dm Category - Best Instrumental Jazz Performance, Large Group Or Soloist With Large Group
{=j!2v#8~ Year - 1967 - 10th Annual GRAMMY Awards
8l0%:6XbI Title of the Work - Far East Suite
SJ;u,XyWn Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
a -, !K ------------------------------------------------------
*[(O&L&0 V=BF"S;-' --------------------------
MOY .$M,1 Winner - Duke Ellington: Composer
$ckX H,l_ Genre - Jazz
1g5%Gr/0$5 Category - Best Original Jazz Composition
/i$E |[ Year - 1966 - 9th Annual GRAMMY Awards
& aldnJ Title of the Work - In The Beginning
?h"+q8& G*ZHLLO4S\ GodArtist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
&F*s.gL dX: (%_Mn ------------------------------------------------------
~sshhuF Glcl7f"<^ --------------------------
`h/j3fmX? Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
G eN('0 Genre - Jazz
gYfN ?A*`_ Category - Best Instrumental Jazz Performance, Large Group Or Soloist With Large Group
=xWZJ:UnU Year - 1965 - 8th Annual GRAMMY Awards
&i4*tE3] , Title of the Work - Ellington '66
eyy{z;D8r Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
G0Smss=K ngj=w;7~+ ------------------------------------------------------
k!b\qS~Q e'mm4 2 --------------------------
11}X2j~Ww Winner - Duke Ellington: Composer
h }i
/u Genre - Composing
>nkd U Category - Best Musical Composition First Recorded & Released In 1959
8Br* (m4`l_ (More Than 5 Minutes Duration)
pHEhB9_A! Year - 1959 - 2nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
$& Ng *oX Title of the Work - Anatomy Of A Murder
lwa xj7 Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
(p'yya{( ------------------------------------------------------
|\%[e@u *g]q~\b/; --------------------------
aG} j u; Winner - Duke Ellington: Composer
3 :X3n\z Genre - Composing
T~7i:<E^ Category - Best Sound Track Album - Background Score From A Motion Picture Or Television
bv$_t)Xh Year - 1959 - 2nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
mS5'q q;t Title of the Work - Anatomy Of A Murder (Motion Picture)
Lnbbv
* Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
\:]Clvc ------------------------------------------------------
{$)z C*l ,J"6(nk --------------------------
;ajCnSmR Winner - Duke Ellington: Artist
N_lQz(nG/2 Genre - Pop
W# E` h Category - Best Performance By A Dance Band
+',[q Year - 1959 - 2nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
M5s>;q) Title of the Work - Anatomy Of A Murder (Motion Picture)
k{(R.gLZG Artist Performing Work - Duke Ellington
&duWV6Acw Lz's!b ------------------------------------------------------
w d2GKq! mufi>} --------------------------
`@q[&^ %>Z^BM<e "<H.F 87Z) 其他成就 :
%eB 0 )' F0W4B In December of 1936, Ellington received
#\[h.4i :#1{c^i%3 the keys to the city of Los Angeles.
0m7ANq E[Z wv>*g:El' #g*U\y 2W: R{dHE 1966, Ellington was presented with the
S#6{4x4 lxx)l(& President’s Gold Medal on behalf of
z^$DXl@)h 2jV.\C k Lyndon Johnson.
x1</%y5ev {m ~.'DU q`_d>l CRf ! tsj@ In 1969, Richard Nixon presented
.|iMKRq P&"8R Ellington with the Presidential Medal of
$$ou qLu @^]wT_ r Freedom.
